The Shiga toxin from Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli is the main cause of hemorrhagic colitis and Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, which can lead to acute encephalopathies and result in a high mortality rate. Argentina has the highest incidence in the world, which is up to 7 times higher than that of the countries with the next highest frequency. Our goal is to unravel, through experimental models, the mechanisms that lead to the pathogenicity of this encephalopathy, from behavioral to molecular levels, and to find pharmacological agents that can neutralize or alleviate its effects.